Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2010 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 15 Articles
Ulcerative colitis is chronically inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. This study was undertaken to determine the healing of ulcerative colitis induced by acetic acid due to antioxidant role of kalasakadi kashayam. Kalasakadi kashayam is an ayurvedic proprietary formulation manufactured by Arya Vaidya Sala, kottakkal with proven clinical efficacy. It contains kalasaka (Murraya koenigii Spreng.), Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz.) and Sunthi (Zingiber officinale Roxb.). Ulcerative colitis was induced by acetic acid in a dose 2 ml/kg (4% V/V Intrarectal). Ulcerative colitis response was assessed by ulcer index, tissue biochemical parameters, and histopathological examination of colon. The cytoprotective activity of kalasakadi kasayam was assessed at two dose level in comparison to sulfasalazine (360 mg/kg p.o.) as a reference standard drug. Therapeutically Equivalent Dose (TED) of kalasakadi kashayam was 5.4 ml/kg p.o. and double to TED was 10.8 ml/kg p.o. TED and TED × 2 doses restore the decrease level of superoxide dismutase, total glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and increase level of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, lactate dehydrogenase, myeloperoxidase activity. In addition kalasakadi kashayam at both dose levels showed significant decrease in ulcer index and histopathological changes of colon. Based on data generated and histopathological profile, it is concluded that kalasakadi kashayam TED level provide more significant protection than kalasakadi kashayam TED × 2 level against acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis....
The ethanolic leaf extract of Barringtonia acutangula showed significant antidiarrheal activity on Castor oil induced diarrheal model in rats. These result obtained revealed that the leaf extract possess pharmacological activity against diarrhea and may possibly explain the use of the plant in traditional medicine....
Four ethno varieties of Lasianthera africana are used in Nigeria to treat microbial diseases including dysentery, diarrhoea and skin diseases. The ethanol extracts, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions of the leaves of the four varieties were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus NCIB 8588, Bacillus subtilis NCIB 3610, Escherichia coli NCIB 86, Proteus vulgaris NCIB 67, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIB 950, Klebsiella pneumonia NCIB 418, Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus, using agar diffusion and tube dilution techniques. Among the extracts, the ethanol extract of the leaves of black variety gave the best antimicrobial activity, while the ethanol extract of the forest variety exhibited the least. The fractions derived from the extracts generally elicited better activity. However, no extracts or fractions showed any activity against A. flavus. The most inhibitory effect was elicited by the ethyl acetate fraction of the black variety against E. coli, while the least effect was shown by butanol fraction of the forest variety against P. vulgaris and ethyl acetate fraction of the riverine variety against S. aureus. Aqueous fractions of all the varieties showed no antimicrobial effect against any of the organisms tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts and fractions ranged between 25 and 250 µg/mL....
The phytochemical examination and antioxidant activity of isolated phytoconstituents from the ethanolic extract of whole plant of Hyptis suaveolens. The air dried and powdered plants materials were separately extracted successively with various solvents viz. petroleum ether (400–600 C), chloroform, ethanol and water with increasing order of polarity using a soxhlet extractor. The ethanolic extract of Hyptis suaveolens upon concentration under reduced pressure left a dark green sticky and oily residue (18.7%). It gave positive Liebermann-Burchard reaction (Pink-Blue-Green). In TLC examination of the residue showed number of spots (Toluene:Ethyl acetate:Metenol: Water (7:6:5:1)) on spraying with 5% alcoholic H2SO4 followed by heating. The ethanolic residue was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel (60-200 mesh). The residue was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel afforded three compounds named C-01, C-02 and C-03. The compounds were characterized through chemical and spectral analysis and confirmed as b-Sitosterol (C-01) Lupeol (C-02) and Betulinic acid (C-03) respectively. The antioxidant activities of the all three compounds were evaluated by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical elimination and thiocyanate method. All three compounds showed significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH and H2O2 Radical scavenging method. From the whole plant ethanolic extract all these compounds were tested for antioxidant activity first time from this plant....
Diabetes is a common illness, according to the unique assessments of ayurvedic concepts diabetes is the disease which occurs when toxins get accumulated in the tissue and result in circulation blockage. The various root causes of diabetes that ayurveda enlists are poor nutrition and poor digestion, inequity of nervous system, physical and mental stress, and disturbance in natural biological cycle. Many traditional medical systems have developed strategies to treat this condition. The alternative therapy most commonly used to treat diabetes is herbal therapy, which therefore become the primary focus of this review. The objective of this article is to conduct a search of the published literature on the use of Ayurvedic medicines for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. A broad search of Ayurvedic medicines showed that there was sufficient literature to support a systematic review of the use of Ayurvedic plants for the treatment of diabetes....
This study was designed to investigate ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria (Mol) fruits, would attenuate the acute myocardial infarction in isoproterenol treated model via maintaining the enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidant enzymes. The in vivo antioxidant potential of the extract was in terms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C (vit C), vitamin E (vit E), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S- transferase (GST) was assessed in an isolated rat heart model. Isoproterenol induced rats showed a significant fall in activities of enzymatic antioxidant likes SOD, CAT, GR and GSH. Non enzymatic antioxidants namely like Vit C, Vit E, GPx and GST. Oral administration of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria (Mol) fruits (125, 250 and 500mg/kg b.wt, respectively) significantly prevented almost all the enzymes of isoproterenol induced heart failure and myocardial injury improved. Our results demonstrated elevated oxidative stress and antioxidant dysfunction in isoproterenol treated rats. Moreover, on the basis of our findings it may be concluded that the ethanolic extract of L. siceraria not only possesses antioxidant properties but it may also reduce the extent of mitochondrial damage....
The effect of gamma irradiation on pharmacological activity of non-irradiated and gamma-irradiated (at doses of 5 KGy and 10 KGy) samples of Ashwagandha were examined. Investigations were performed to study the anti-stress activity by forced swim endurance test in Albino Swiss mice at a dose level of 100mg / kg b.w. administered orally. Significant anti-stress activity (p<0.001) was observed in aqueous extracts of all the groups in comparison to control and further there were no significant differences among non irradiated and gamma irradiated samples (5KGy and 10KGy) indicating that gamma irradiation at doses of 5 and 10KGy may have no influence on the pharmacological activity of Ashwagandha. As it does not interfere with the pharmacological activity, gamma irradiation can be considered as an effective method in reducing microbial contamination and thus increase the shelf life and stability of the commercial products of Ashwagandha....
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is important risk factor for cardiovascular disease like myocardial infaraction. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a clinical syndrome arising from sudden and persistent curtailment of myocardial blood supply resulting in necrosis of the myocardium. Generation of ROS and effect of oxidative enzymes play key role in necrosis of myocardium. Thus we made an approach to evaluate effect of rutin on oxidative cardiac enzymes in isoproterenol induced myocardial infaraction and supra renal aortic banding induced LVH. Material & Method: Wistar rats were treated with the rutin contineously for 10 days (10 mg/kg/day, i.p.,) MI was induced by treating rats with isoproterenol for last 2 consecutive days (5.25 and 8 mg/kg, i.p) and a group treated with rutin underwent supra renal aortic banding. After ten days endogenouos oxidative enzymes were estimated by various biochemical procedure. Result: Obtained results shown significant (P < 0.01) decreased in oxidative enzymes level such as Malonylaldehyde (MDA), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), Protein kinase C (PKC), resulting reduction in lipid peroxidation that indicates cardio protective effect of rutin. Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that rutin, a bioflavonoid posses strong anti-oxidant activity and makes a foot mark as a cardio protective suppliments....
Dendrophthoe falcata Etting. leaves were investigated for in vitro anticancer activity using brine shrimp bioassay model in which Artemia salina strain of shrimp was used according to Mayer et al. Further the study was extended for determining total phenolic content and phytochemical analysis. Total phenolic content was found in high concentration (20.07%w/w gallic acid equivalence) in total methanol extract. Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were obtained from coarse powder of dried leaves by soxhlet extraction successively with their increasing polarity. Percent survivals of the shrimps were noted in the solutions containing different extract concentration. Ethyl acetate and methanol extract showed 87.13 µg/ml and 126.44 µg/ml LC50 respectively. These extracts showed very less LC50 possesses in vitro anticancer activity. The flavonoids wese detected in ethyl acetate extract whereas methanol extract showed presence of flavonoids and tannins in high concentration by preliminary phytochemical study. Ethyl acetate and methanol extract showed presence of Quercetines and Gallic acid as major constituents. Lead potential of anticancer activity may be due to flavonoids and tannins present in D. falcata leaves. This lead potential of the plant need further investigation....
An Herb is a plant or plant extract, including leaves, bark, berries, roots, gums, seeds, stems and flowers which are bestowed with nourishing and healing. An herb is a plant or plant extract, including leaves, bark, berries, roots, gums, seeds, stems and flowers which are bestowed with nourishing and healing elements. Herbs are the endowment of Mother Nature which has been used for healthcare through out different ages and cultures of human history. Herb’s have various useful chemical constituents which is useful for treatment of various Psychological disorder like Schizophrenia. Depression, Anxiety & Panic Disorders, Hallucination, Illusion, Insomnia, Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Signs of Mental illness, Suicide, False Memory. So we require Pharmacognostic, Pharmacological, Ethano-pharmacological parameters of the Herbs for studying the activities useful in the treatment of Psychological disorders. So our study aim’s at screening the all parameters related to Herbs which is for Researchers and the students whose work on those topics. The present study elicits on all the aspects of the herbs and throws attention to set the mind of research scientist to carry out the work for developing its various formulations used in Psychological disorders which can ultimately beneficial for humans beings....
The hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of Helicteres isora Linn (Family-Sterculiaceae) root extracts (HIE) were investigated in normal and alloxan-induced di-abetic rats. In the present study, the animals were divided into normal control, diabetic control, diabetic treated and control treated group (n = 6). Effect of oral administration of HIE (300 mg/kg) for 30 days on the level of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), total cho-lesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose-6-phosphatase in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats were evaluated. When comparing the values of the HIE treated group with those of the control diabetic group, we found that the HIE significantly decreased the elevated blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, LDL, VLDL. It showed a significant increase in liver glycogen, insulin and HDL level. Treatment with HIE in diabetic rats increased the hexokinase, LDH activity and decreased the glucose-6-phosphatase activity. These results clearly indicated that HIE possess promising anti-diabetic effect in diabetic rats....
India has a very wide variety of flora and out of that lots of plants are claiming different kind of medicinal activities. The antibacterial investigations were carried out of crude extracts obtained from Mucuna pruriens seeds, Agave americana leaves, Anethum graveolens fruits, Strychnos nuxvomica seeds and Semecarpus anacardium nuts by soxhlet extraction method. The effects of methanolic extracts were investigated for activity against Bacillus subtillis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the agar disc diffusion method. The results obtained in study shows that M. Pruriens and A. graveolens extract can be a potential source of natural antibacterial agent as compared to other plants....
The present study was aimed at investigating the central nervous system effects of the crude extract of Albizia altissima in mice. The crude extract was studied for its effects on novelty-induced rearing and grooming behaviors; locomotor activity; rectal body temperature and ketamine-induced sleeping time. The results shows that the crude extract significantly reduced novelty-induced rearing and grooming behaviors. The crude extract reduced locomotors activity and rectal body temperature in mice. The crude extract also prolonged duration of sleep induced by ketamine and produced significant reduction in sleep latency. The crude extract did not produce muscle relaxant properties. It was concluded that the plant Albizia altissima possessed central nervous system depressant effect in mice....
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in all over the world. In India many of people suffering from prostate cancer and also common problem in American men and the second leading cause of deaths from cancer, after lung cancer. The specific causes of prostate cancer remain unknown. A man's risk of developing prostate cancer is related to his age, genetics, race, lifestyle, medications, testosterone, sexually transmitted infections, and lots of other factors. The primary risk factor is age. Correct identification of prostate cancer can easily do by some signs, symptoms and tests in men like, a frequent need to urinate, especially at night, difficulty starting or stopping the urinary stream etc. Tests like, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Digital Rectal Examination (DRE), Biopsy etc. For the treatment of prostate cancer various options are available like, surgery, radiation & proton therapy. Other treatments, such as chemotherapy, cryosurgery, and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) also exist. Also some other alternative medicine treatments like herbal medicine acupuncture etc. To recover the normal prostate cancer cell can done by herbal medicine. Various herbs are used for the treatment of prostate cancer like, Crataeva nurvala, Tinospora cordifolia, Curcuma longa, Soy etc. All therapy available for treatment of prostate cancer has many side effects. Among all herbal medicine is an important for complete treatment of the prostate cancer because it will balance the all tridosha and safer than other therapy. We can conclude that herbal medicines are effective & efficient for the treatment of prostate cancer....
Argyreia nervosa belonging to family Convolvulaceae which is distributed throughout India. The cardiotonic effect of infusion of whole plant of Argyreia nervosa was studied by using perfused frog heart assembly. In the present work different dilution of infusion A1 (undiluted), A2 (1:1 Filtrate: distilled water), A3 (1:2 Filtrate: distilled water), A4 (1:4 Filtrate: distilled water), are used to evaluate cardiac activity on isolated frog heart and compared with Digoxin B1-25µg/ml, B2-50µg/ml as a standard. Present preliminary studies confirm better cardiotonic activity of Argyreia nervosa than digoxin. A significant increase in height of force of contraction (positive ionotropic effect) and decrease in heart rate (negative chronotropic effect) was observed. Thus, in future it will be interesting to isolate the active chemical constituents which are responsible for the cardiotonic activity....
Loading....